Spot the beast…

tsavo east lioness

No posts!!!

This is bad but, for the last two days, I needed to perform a lot of the tasks I had postponed because of the very posts I wrote! Shopping, buying water, repairing the borehole, make bookings for planned trips, banking, pruning the roses, etc. were among the time consuming jobs I needed to get done. I am pleased to inform you that, these over, I will come back in full swing very soon as I have a few contributions almost ready to be released, thanks to the valuable contribution of my Editor in Chief (my daughter!) that is working overtime…

In the interim, to keep you entertained -and while still on the issue of deception- I place this picture so that you can spot what is in there, preparing an ambush. Although I am sure that you will find it, I will be posting another one later that will leave you in no doubt.

Have fun…

 

AND THERE SHE IS…

It was enough for her to move a few centimetres to reveal herself. A warning to the bush walkers…

It was enough for her to move a few centimetres to reveal herself. A warning to the bush walkers…

Flowers and Spiders

The yellow spider holding the bee. The small flies can be seen in different areas of the flower and the small male spider with its fly prey is on the right of the flower.

The yellow spider holding the bee. The small flies can be seen in different areas of the flower and the small male spider with its fly prey is on the right of the flower.

Walking in the garden I saw a bee collecting pollen on a yellow flower. Nothing strange about that you may think as there are beehives all over the place. However, about four hours later, the bee was still there and it was there still the following day. Clearly, further investigation was required.

Upon closer inspection I could see that  the now dead bee was being held by a rather small yellow spider, mimicking perfectly the colour of the flower and now busy sucking the bee’s body juices. Interestingly, there were also tiny flies on the flower, attracted by the mini carnage and, on further observation, a very small brown spider had caught one and it was also feeding on it. When disturbed, it left the fly and moved to the underside of the flower. My hasty conclusion was that the small spider was a commensal, taking advantage of the flies attracted by the dead bee.

After a bit of research and reading, the picture got clearer. The larger spider was a female Yellow Crab Spider (Thomisus sp.). This is not a rare spider so I was a bit disappointed. Then the following question was: what would it do when the flower dies as there were no other similar flowers nearby? It seemed rather obvious that the survival chances of such a brightly coloured animal would not be too good! I learnt a bit more about this as well! Once the flower dries, the spider moves off and it is able to change colour again to camouflage itself to its new surroundings. The wonders of nature strike again!

Oh, by the way, the tiny spider sharing the flower was not a commensal but the male spider that, in view of the size difference, I am sure it does well to inhabit the other side of the flower. That is exactly what I would do…

The Year of the Pangolin

Normally you do not organize a bush outing to find pangolins, although some people may do (maybe me… the bush snob?), you never know! So, I have never seen one, not even a footprint. As someone that grew up in the land of the gauchos, I have often come across armadillos, so being the pangolin the nearest mammal to look somehow like them in Africa, you may understand my interest in finding one. Besides, they are extremely interesting animals about which -and their conservation status in Africa- I know very little. The CITES cites (sorry about the pun) them in Appendix 2: “species that are not necessarily threatened with extinction, but may become so unless trade in specimens of such species is subject to strict regulation in order to avoid utilization incompatible with the survival of the species in the wild.”), not very encouraging if you wish to find one.

What is a pangolin? It is a a very small mammal -if compared with an elephant- but about the size of a hare, covered with large scales and suited with a longish scaly tail and a very long tongue (but very long compared with his body length) that he needs to get hold of his deeply dwelling termite and ant diet. It rolls into a ball if in danger and this may offer some protection against many predators although I do not see it surviving hungry large ones or humans.

The pangolin has another piece of bad luck, it is highly regarded in African culture and when one is found, it is given to Chiefs and other important authorities, including Heads of State. In addition, they are killed for their meat and scales throughout their range. You would agree with me that their present and future does not look good.

Clearly, the chances of finding and observing one (I prefer to observe rather than to photograph) look rather bleak. This was the opinion I formed after many years traveling in the bush, day and night. However, this may not be the case. Recently we visited the Hippo Pools camp in the shores of the Mazowe river (this will be the subject of another post) in the Umfurudzi Park (www.umfurudzipark.co.zw/). This jewel of a camp (and park) are doing well and, while returning from our stay, a park brochure offered the possibility of “Pangolin Tracking”. Although it does not specify the nature of these, the name gives me hope!

To add to the coincidence, a few weeks later, reading the Harare News of June 2014 I came across an article describing a trust that -among other projects- does work to protect pangolins in Southern Africa!  It is known as the “Tikki Hywood Trust” (www.tikkihywoodtrust.org).  In their web page I learnt that there are eight species worldwide and that they are the most traded animal in Asia these days. A bit more web research taught me that there are three pangolin species in Africa: Giant Ground Pangolin (Manis gigantea), African White-Bellied Pangolin (Manis tricuspis) and the Common Pangolin (Manis temminckii) distributed throughout Africa (http://www.awf.org/wildlife-conservation/pangolin). Three species, and I have not seen one individual!!!

My pangolin hopes are now up and,  who knows, 2014 may be the Year of the Pangolin for me!

Dry season in Harare

The on-going world cup has taken over my life for the last couple of weeks so, when there was a two-day match break I waited for the sun to get warm and then I came out to look at the garden. This is how these reflections were born.

Our house is located in a dry suburb of the city and, although over the years we have invested in sinking five boreholes (yes, five!!!), we have failed to find water. In addition to being a difficult area for underground water, I am told that the water table has gone even deeper with overuse. What’s more, the public water supply -very good in the 90s- has collapsed to the point that we only had one day of water last year! We also need to buy drinking water by the 20 litre container. However, there is optimism in the shape of the on-going water works that will hopefuly improve the situation.

Despite this drawback we are still convinced that this is a small problem compared with the assets that Harare and Zimbabwe bring to our lives! You just need to learn to live with it and find alternative solutions. In these situations I always recall a work colleague who, when we were going through a relief operation over a very severe flood crisis, said that when the official markets collapse, the informal ones take over in an amazingly short time. This is the case of the Harare water market.

Over the years of water shortage, many services have ben developed and perfected and are now on offer. Water diviners, borehole drillers, water pump sellers, experts on water volumes, drip irrigation, water tanks and piping are some of the services available. We can order our water by cellphone and it comes very fast as the competition is tough. You can even place a “water order” through the net!!! USD 100 buys you 10,500 litres (the 500 litres are a bonus for our loyalty!) that lasts us for about six weeks with rather careful use. We are six people in the house: two of us and our housekeeper and his family.

Water used for washing and showers is recycled in the garden. Believe me, this does not actually create great difficulties, apart from collecting the water from the basins into buckets that later go into the garden. We shower standing in basins and this water follows the same fate. While doing this, I always wonder what the world be like if all water-privileged people like us would do the same!!! I am sure that this sounds alien to many but it is basic to me and very doable.

As we like to grow our own veggies and keep alive some favourite plants, we also need to collect roof water during the rainy season that lasts roughly from November to March with about 800mm of rain fall. So, nylon tubes connect our gutters to the swimming pool that are normally rolled up but extended every time the first drops fall. The pool, once a pristine blue, now looks brown and hosts water plants and guppies, the latter to control the mosquito larvae. The water is too cold for swimming anyway…

The swimming pool is now our water reservoir.

The swimming pool is now our water reservoir.

Now it is back to me in the garden. As it is normal during June and July it is a chilly morning although not as cold as it will be in a few days when the prediction is for 5°C. I noticed that the garden is now almost totally brown, except for the vegetable garden that looks like a green oasis, almost dazzling! Brown is the dominant colour in most of Harare now, except for those houses that boast green lawns where drilling has yielded results. However, plants and animals are adapted to the dryness and they have accumulated nutrients to enable them to respond immediately to the first rains. I will tell you about this when it happens.

Leaves  from the msasa trees (Brachystegia spiciformis) rain on me, invaluable mulch for our soil that helps to keep the little humidity left. In contrast, the succulent plants, particularly the aloes, are thriving and even flowering! However, the real beauty I see is the yearly arrival of the birds, attracted by the bird baths and the seeds dished out to them in the garden. Two species appear around this time: the purplecrested louries (Tauraco porphyreolophus) and the blue waxbills also known as cordon blues (Uraeginthus angolensis).

They could not be more different! The former are rather large and green and blue with the purple crest that gives them their name, looking almost black under normal light. Often described as “furtive” while flying between trees flashing the most amazing crimson reflections of their primary wing feathers while in flight, being almost scary at dusk! At this time of the year they come to feed on the little red berries of the cotoneaster bushes (Cotoneaster spp.) that they cannot resist. They are so fond of them that they risk abandoning the security of the tree canopy to get at them. Unfortunately I have not been able to take a worthy picture as they are quite shy, mobile and difficult to approach. I will keep trying and post any decent picture I get.

The first blue waxbills in our garden.

The first blue waxbills in our garden.

The cordon blues, conversely, are tiny (12cm from tip of beak to tip of tail, the latter being about one third of the bird!) and as their name indicates, they have a pale sky blue face, breast and tail with brownish-grey upper parts. They start to come singly and pairs are formed. Later on there will be flocks walking through the dry grass in search of tiny grass seeds and some of them will nest among the papyrus in the garden only to move away at the onset of the rains.

While there is an increase in the bird population, other animals are now very hard to find as they resort to a quiet life until the warmer weather comes back. This is the case of Mr. Brown, our leopard tortoise  (Geochelone pardalis) who slows down during the winter dry months to re-emerge at the time of the rains. Although whether this can be defined as proper hibernation is debatable, a marked reduction in activity takes place and he is not visible for a while. Another species conspicuous for their absence now are the flap necked chameleons (Chamaeleo dilepis) that probably brumate (chameleon hybernation) or at least also -like Mr. Brown- slow down and become hard to find.

Chamaleon shedding its skin.

Chamaleon shedding its skin.

Although we still have a few weeks of cold weather, eventually it will get warmer and, if we are lucky, we will witness baby chameleons -tiny replicas of their parents- bursting out of the ground from the eggs buried in the ground by the females. We will wait, observe and report accordingly.

Tree cheetahs

One of the cheetahs started to move on.

One of the cheetahs started to move on. (Picture by Julio A. de Castro)

Moremi Game Reserve, Botswana, June 2014 . The very high grass and flooded roads around the South Gate area made game viewing rather difficult although the variety of water birds present made up for the hidden mammals. Our lack improved when we moved to Third Bridge. When returning to the camp on our day of arrival we met a pack of wild dogs attempting to cross the bridge. We managed to get a video of this encounter that I will upload as soon as I learn how to! This was the only subject at our dinner conversation until the lions started to roar behind the camp! We decided to look for them the following morning. We calculated that, judging for the roaring direction, that there should have been at a swampy area behind the camp. We got up reasonably early and went for it. While on our way we came across an unexpected sight: two cheetah resting by a pool. There were probably two young males and possibly brothers. We were watching them when they decided to move. Although it was clear that they were not hunting, they look determined so we decided to follow them as much as possible.

They moved towards a fairly large acacia tree and lied down under it. “End of the fun” we thought as it was mid morning. Aware that cheetah hunt during the day as they rely for speed to catch their prey and it is difficult to run at night! So we stayed an extra while, hoping for something to happen. There were many impala and springbok nearby so there was a chance of a hunt.

After a few minutes one of them walked towards the tree and we confirmed its sex by the way it was marking the bushes: it was a male. After the marking was completed to its satisfaction, and to our surprise, it jumped up the tree. Now here I need to clarify that we have seen cheetah using advantage points before (termite mounds and cars) and this was not a surprise. It is believed that they do so while searching for prey.

Cheetah climbing the tree.

Cheetah climbing the tree. (Picture by Julio A. de Castro)

However, this particular animal kept climbing up and up until it was at about three meters from the ground, “perched” rather precariously we thought, on rather high branches.

Despite the poor picture the squares show one cheetah high on the tree while the second one is climbing to join it.

Despite the poor picture the squares show one cheetah high on the tree while the second one is climbing to join it. (Picture by Julio A. de Castro)

There it stayed looking around and quite relaxed. To our surprise, the second animal followed suit and then the two cheetah were high up the tree, looking very much like two leopards! Our first thought was: “will they be able to come down?” The response came after about 30 minutes when, rather effortlessly, they did and decided that the stress of the climb justified a grooming session and a nap. We moved on after this unexpected sight.